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On This Day

February 20

YEAR 2016

Six people are killed and two injured in multiple shooting incidents in Kalamazoo County, Michigan.

Six people are killed and two injured in multiple shooting incidents in Kalamazoo County, Michigan.

YEAR 2015

Two trains collide in the Swiss town of Rafz resulting in as many as 49 people injured and Swiss Federal Railways cancelling some services.

Two trains collide in the Swiss town of Rafz resulting in as many as 49 people injured and Swiss Federal Railways cancelling some services.

YEAR 2014

Dozens of Euromaidan anti-government protesters die in Ukraine's capital Kyiv, many reportedly killed by snipers.

Dozens of Euromaidan anti-government protesters die in Ukraine's capital Kyiv, many reportedly killed by snipers.

YEAR 2010

In Madeira Island, Portugal, heavy rain causes floods and mudslides, resulting in at least 43 deaths, in the worst disaster in the history of the arch...

In Madeira Island, Portugal, heavy rain causes floods and mudslides, resulting in at least 43 deaths, in the worst disaster in the history of the archipelago.

YEAR 2009

Two Tamil Tigers aircraft packed with C4 explosives en route to the national airforce headquarters are shot down by the Sri Lankan military before rea...

Two Tamil Tigers aircraft packed with C4 explosives en route to the national airforce headquarters are shot down by the Sri Lankan military before reaching their target, in a kamikaze style attack.

YEAR 2005

Spain becomes the first country to vote in a referendum on ratification of the proposed Constitution of the European Union, passing it by a substantia...

Spain becomes the first country to vote in a referendum on ratification of the proposed Constitution of the European Union, passing it by a substantial margin, but on a low turnout.

YEAR 2003

During a Great White concert in West Warwick, Rhode Island, a pyrotechnics display sets the Station nightclub ablaze, killing 100 and injuring over 20...

During a Great White concert in West Warwick, Rhode Island, a pyrotechnics display sets the Station nightclub ablaze, killing 100 and injuring over 200 others.

YEAR 2002

A cooking gas cylinder explodes on board an Egyptian National Railways train in El Ayyat, causing a fire and killing over 370 people.

A cooking gas cylinder explodes on board an Egyptian National Railways train in El Ayyat, causing a fire and killing over 370 people.

YEAR 1998

American figure skater Tara Lipinski, at the age of 15, becomes the youngest Olympic figure skating gold-medalist at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagan...

American figure skater Tara Lipinski, at the age of 15, becomes the youngest Olympic figure skating gold-medalist at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.

YEAR 1991

In the Albanian capital Tirana, a gigantic statue of Albania's long-time leader, Enver Hoxha, is brought down by mobs of angry protesters.

In the Albanian capital Tirana, a gigantic statue of Albania's long-time leader, Enver Hoxha, is brought down by mobs of angry protesters.

YEAR 1988

The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast votes to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia, triggering the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.

The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast votes to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia, triggering the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.

YEAR 1986

The Soviet Union launches its Mir spacecraft. Remaining in orbit for 15 years, it is occupied for ten of those years.

The Soviet Union launches its Mir spacecraft. Remaining in orbit for 15 years, it is occupied for ten of those years.

YEAR 1979

An earthquake cracks open the Sinila volcanic crater on the Dieng Plateau, releasing poisonous H2S gas and killing 149 villagers in the Indonesian pro...

An earthquake cracks open the Sinila volcanic crater on the Dieng Plateau, releasing poisonous H2S gas and killing 149 villagers in the Indonesian province of Central Java.

YEAR 1971

The United States Emergency Broadcast System is accidentally activated in an erroneous national alert.

The United States Emergency Broadcast System is accidentally activated in an erroneous national alert.

YEAR 1968

The China Academy of Space Technology, China's main arm for the research, development, and creation of space satellites, is established in Beijing.

The China Academy of Space Technology, China's main arm for the research, development, and creation of space satellites, is established in Beijing.

YEAR 1965

Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.

Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.

YEAR 1962

Mercury program: While aboard Friendship 7, John Glenn becomes the first American to orbit the Earth, making three orbits in four hours, 55 minutes.

Mercury program: While aboard Friendship 7, John Glenn becomes the first American to orbit the Earth, making three orbits in four hours, 55 minutes.

YEAR 1959

The Avro Arrow program to design and manufacture supersonic jet fighters in Canada is cancelled by the Diefenbaker government amid much political deba...

The Avro Arrow program to design and manufacture supersonic jet fighters in Canada is cancelled by the Diefenbaker government amid much political debate.

YEAR 1956

The United States Merchant Marine Academy becomes a permanent Service Academy.

The United States Merchant Marine Academy becomes a permanent Service Academy.

YEAR 1952

Emmett Ashford becomes the first African-American umpire in organized baseball by being authorized to be a substitute umpire in the Southwestern Inter...

Emmett Ashford becomes the first African-American umpire in organized baseball by being authorized to be a substitute umpire in the Southwestern International League.

YEAR 1944

World War II: The "Big Week" begins with American bomber raids on German aircraft manufacturing centers.

World War II: The "Big Week" begins with American bomber raids on German aircraft manufacturing centers.

YEAR 1944

World War II: The United States takes Eniwetok Atoll.

World War II: The United States takes Eniwetok Atoll.

YEAR 1943

World War II: American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information to censor movies.

World War II: American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information to censor movies.

YEAR 1943

The Saturday Evening Post publishes the first of Norman Rockwell's Four Freedoms in support of United States President Franklin Roosevelt's 1941 State...

The Saturday Evening Post publishes the first of Norman Rockwell's Four Freedoms in support of United States President Franklin Roosevelt's 1941 State of the Union address theme of Four Freedoms.

YEAR 1942

World War II: Lieutenant Edward O'Hare becomes America's first World War II flying ace.

World War II: Lieutenant Edward O'Hare becomes America's first World War II flying ace.

YEAR 1939

Madison Square Garden Nazi rally: The largest ever pro-Nazi rally in United States history is convened in Madison Square Garden, New York City, with 2...

Madison Square Garden Nazi rally: The largest ever pro-Nazi rally in United States history is convened in Madison Square Garden, New York City, with 20,000 members and sympathizers of the German American Bund present.

YEAR 1935

Caroline Mikkelsen becomes the first woman to set foot in Antarctica.

Caroline Mikkelsen becomes the first woman to set foot in Antarctica.

YEAR 1933

The U.S. Congress approves the Blaine Act to repeal federal Prohibition in the United States, sending the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States...

The U.S. Congress approves the Blaine Act to repeal federal Prohibition in the United States, sending the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution to state ratifying conventions for approval.

YEAR 1933

Adolf Hitler secretly meets with German industrialists to arrange for financing of the Nazi Party's upcoming election campaign.

Adolf Hitler secretly meets with German industrialists to arrange for financing of the Nazi Party's upcoming election campaign.

YEAR 1931

The U.S. Congress approves the construction of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge by the state of California.

The U.S. Congress approves the construction of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge by the state of California.

YEAR 1931

An anarchist uprising in Encarnación, Paraguay briefly transforms the city into a revolutionary commune.

An anarchist uprising in Encarnación, Paraguay briefly transforms the city into a revolutionary commune.

YEAR 1920

An earthquake kills between 114 and 130 in Georgia and heavily damages the town of Gori.

An earthquake kills between 114 and 130 in Georgia and heavily damages the town of Gori.

YEAR 1913

King O'Malley drives in the first survey peg to mark commencement of work on the construction of Canberra.

King O'Malley drives in the first survey peg to mark commencement of work on the construction of Canberra.

YEAR 1909

Publication of the Futurist Manifesto in the French journal Le Figaro.

Publication of the Futurist Manifesto in the French journal Le Figaro.

YEAR 1905

The U.S. Supreme Court upholds the constitutionality of Massachusetts's mandatory smallpox vaccination program in Jacobson v. Massachusetts.

The U.S. Supreme Court upholds the constitutionality of Massachusetts's mandatory smallpox vaccination program in Jacobson v. Massachusetts.

YEAR 1901

The legislature of Hawaii Territory convenes for the first time.

The legislature of Hawaii Territory convenes for the first time.

YEAR 1894

20 February bombings by Désiré Pauwels during the Ère des attentats (1892-1894).

20 February bombings by Désiré Pauwels during the Ère des attentats (1892-1894).

YEAR 1877

Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake receives its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.

Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake receives its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.

YEAR 1872

The Metropolitan Museum of Art opens in New York City.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art opens in New York City.

YEAR 1865

End of the Uruguayan War, with a peace agreement between President Tomás Villalba and rebel leader Venancio Flores, setting the scene for the destruct...

End of the Uruguayan War, with a peace agreement between President Tomás Villalba and rebel leader Venancio Flores, setting the scene for the destructive War of the Triple Alliance.

YEAR 1864

American Civil War: Battle of Olustee: The largest battle fought in Florida during the war.

American Civil War: Battle of Olustee: The largest battle fought in Florida during the war.

YEAR 1846

Polish insurgents lead an uprising in Kraków to incite a fight for national independence.

Polish insurgents lead an uprising in Kraków to incite a fight for national independence.

YEAR 1835

The 1835 Concepción earthquake destroys Concepción, Chile.

The 1835 Concepción earthquake destroys Concepción, Chile.

YEAR 1824

William Buckland formally announces the name Megalosaurus, the first scientifically validly named non-avian dinosaur species.

William Buckland formally announces the name Megalosaurus, the first scientifically validly named non-avian dinosaur species.

YEAR 1816

Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville premieres at the Teatro Argentina in Rome.

Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville premieres at the Teatro Argentina in Rome.

YEAR 1813

Manuel Belgrano defeats the royalist army of Pío de Tristán during the Battle of Salta.

Manuel Belgrano defeats the royalist army of Pío de Tristán during the Battle of Salta.

YEAR 1798

Louis-Alexandre Berthier removes Pope Pius VI from power.

Louis-Alexandre Berthier removes Pope Pius VI from power.

YEAR 1792

The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by United States President George Washington.

The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by United States President George Washington.

YEAR 1685

René-Robert Cavelier establishes Fort St. Louis at Matagorda Bay thus forming the basis for France's claim to Texas.

René-Robert Cavelier establishes Fort St. Louis at Matagorda Bay thus forming the basis for France's claim to Texas.

YEAR 1553

Yohannan Sulaqa professes his Catholic belief and is ordained as bishop shortly after; this marks the beginning of the Chaldean Catholic Church.

Yohannan Sulaqa professes his Catholic belief and is ordained as bishop shortly after; this marks the beginning of the Chaldean Catholic Church.

YEAR 1547

Edward VI of England is crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey.

Edward VI of England is crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey.

YEAR 1521

Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León sets out from San Juan, Puerto Rico, for Florida with about 200 prospective colonists.

Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León sets out from San Juan, Puerto Rico, for Florida with about 200 prospective colonists.

YEAR 1472

Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland in lieu of a dowry for Margaret of Denmark.

Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland in lieu of a dowry for Margaret of Denmark.

YEAR 1339

The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.

The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.