Boris Johnson resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and is replaced by Liz Truss. Their meetings with Queen Elizabeth II at Balmoral Castle were the Queen's final official duties before her death two days later.
Supreme Court of India decriminalised all consensual sex among adults in private, making homosexuality legal on the Indian lands.
The first Minotaur V rocket is launched from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport on Wallops Island, carrying NASA's LADEE spacecraft.
The Soviet Union recognizes the independence of the Baltic states Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.
Munich massacre: Nine Israeli athletes die (along with a German policeman) at the hands of the Palestinian "Black September" terrorist group after being taken hostage at the Munich Olympic Games. Two other Israeli athletes were slain in the initial a...
India retaliates following Pakistan's Operation Grand Slam which results in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 that ends in a stalemate followed by the signing of the Tashkent Declaration.
Archaeologist Peter Marsden discovers the first of the Blackfriars Ships dating back to the second century AD in the Blackfriars area of the banks of the River Thames in London.
World War II: The city of Ypres, Belgium is liberated by Allied forces.
World War II: Soviet forces capture the city of Tartu, Estonia.
World War II: The British Royal Air Force suffers its first fighter pilot casualty of the Second World War at the Battle of Barking Creek as a result of friendly fire.
World War II: Union of South Africa declares war on Germany.
Democratically elected Argentine president Hipólito Yrigoyen is deposed in a military coup.
World War I: The first tank prototype, developed by William Foster & Co. for the British army, was completed and given its first test drive.
World War I: The First Battle of the Marne, which would halt the Imperial German Army's advance into France, begins.
Leon Czolgosz, an unemployed anarchist, shoots and fatally wounds US president William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie, Wyoming becomes the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally after 1807.
American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Groton Heights takes place, resulting in a British victory.
The Victoria returns to Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Spain, the only surviving ship of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition and the first known ship to circumnavigate the world.
Christopher Columbus sails from La Gomera in the Canary Islands, his final port of call before crossing the Atlantic Ocean for the first time.