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On This Day

March 20

YEAR 2021

La Plume noire, an anarchist bookstore in Lyon, is targeted by an attack of the far-right, provoking a shock in Lyon's far-left circles.

La Plume noire, an anarchist bookstore in Lyon, is targeted by an attack of the far-right, provoking a shock in Lyon's far-left circles.

YEAR 2019

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev is sworn in as acting president of Kazakhstan, following the resignation of long-time president Nursultan Nazarbayev.

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev is sworn in as acting president of Kazakhstan, following the resignation of long-time president Nursultan Nazarbayev.

YEAR 2015

Syrian civil war: The Siege of Kobanî is broken by the People's Protection Units (YPG) and Free Syrian Army (FSA), marking a turning point in the Roja...

Syrian civil war: The Siege of Kobanî is broken by the People's Protection Units (YPG) and Free Syrian Army (FSA), marking a turning point in the Rojava–Islamist conflict.

YEAR 2015

A solar eclipse, equinox, and a supermoon all occur on the same day.

A solar eclipse, equinox, and a supermoon all occur on the same day.

YEAR 2014

Four suspected Taliban members attack the Kabul Serena Hotel, killing at least nine people.

Four suspected Taliban members attack the Kabul Serena Hotel, killing at least nine people.

YEAR 2012

At least 52 people are killed and more than 250 injured in a wave of terror attacks across ten cities in Iraq.

At least 52 people are killed and more than 250 injured in a wave of terror attacks across ten cities in Iraq.

YEAR 2010

Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland begins eruptions that would last for three months, heavily disrupting air travel in Europe.

Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland begins eruptions that would last for three months, heavily disrupting air travel in Europe.

YEAR 2006

Over 150 Chadian soldiers are killed in eastern Chad by members of the rebel UFDC. The rebel movement sought to overthrow Chadian president Idriss Déb...

Over 150 Chadian soldiers are killed in eastern Chad by members of the rebel UFDC. The rebel movement sought to overthrow Chadian president Idriss Déby.

YEAR 2003

Iraq War: The United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Poland begin an invasion of Iraq.

Iraq War: The United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Poland begin an invasion of Iraq.

YEAR 2000

Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin, a former Black Panther once known as H. Rap Brown, is captured after murdering Georgia sheriff's deputy Ricky Kinchen and crit...

Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin, a former Black Panther once known as H. Rap Brown, is captured after murdering Georgia sheriff's deputy Ricky Kinchen and critically wounding Deputy Aldranon English.

YEAR 1999

Legoland California, the first Legoland outside of Europe, opens in Carlsbad, California, US.

Legoland California, the first Legoland outside of Europe, opens in Carlsbad, California, US.

YEAR 1995

The Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo carries out a sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway, killing 14 and wounding over 6,200 people.

The Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo carries out a sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway, killing 14 and wounding over 6,200 people.

YEAR 1993

The Troubles: A Provisional IRA bomb kills two children in Warrington, England. It leads to mass protests in both Britain and Ireland.

The Troubles: A Provisional IRA bomb kills two children in Warrington, England. It leads to mass protests in both Britain and Ireland.

YEAR 1990

Ferdinand Marcos's widow, Imelda Marcos, goes on trial for bribery, embezzlement, and racketeering.

Ferdinand Marcos's widow, Imelda Marcos, goes on trial for bribery, embezzlement, and racketeering.

YEAR 1988

Eritrean War of Independence: Having defeated the Nadew Command, the Eritrean People's Liberation Front enters the town of Afabet, victoriously conclu...

Eritrean War of Independence: Having defeated the Nadew Command, the Eritrean People's Liberation Front enters the town of Afabet, victoriously concluding the Battle of Afabet.

YEAR 1987

The Food and Drug Administration approves the anti-AIDS drug, AZT.

The Food and Drug Administration approves the anti-AIDS drug, AZT.

YEAR 1985

Libby Riddles becomes the first woman to win the 1,135-mile Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race.

Libby Riddles becomes the first woman to win the 1,135-mile Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race.

YEAR 1972

The Troubles: The first car bombing by the Provisional IRA in Belfast kills seven people and injures 148 others in Northern Ireland.

The Troubles: The first car bombing by the Provisional IRA in Belfast kills seven people and injures 148 others in Northern Ireland.

YEAR 1969

A United Arab Airlines (now Egyptair) Ilyushin Il-18 crashes at Aswan International Airport, killing 100 people.

A United Arab Airlines (now Egyptair) Ilyushin Il-18 crashes at Aswan International Airport, killing 100 people.

YEAR 1964

The precursor of the European Space Agency, ESRO (European Space Research Organisation) is established per an agreement signed on June 14, 1962.

The precursor of the European Space Agency, ESRO (European Space Research Organisation) is established per an agreement signed on June 14, 1962.

YEAR 1956

Tunisia gains independence from France.

Tunisia gains independence from France.

YEAR 1952

The US Senate ratifies the Security Treaty between the United States and Japan.

The US Senate ratifies the Security Treaty between the United States and Japan.

YEAR 1951

Fujiyoshida, a city located in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, in the center of the Japanese main island of Honshū is founded.

Fujiyoshida, a city located in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, in the center of the Japanese main island of Honshū is founded.

YEAR 1948

With a Musicians Union ban lifted, the first telecasts of classical music in the United States, under Eugene Ormandy and Arturo Toscanini, are given o...

With a Musicians Union ban lifted, the first telecasts of classical music in the United States, under Eugene Ormandy and Arturo Toscanini, are given on CBS and NBC.

YEAR 1942

World War II: General Douglas MacArthur, at Terowie, South Australia, makes his famous speech regarding the fall of the Philippines, in which he says:...

World War II: General Douglas MacArthur, at Terowie, South Australia, makes his famous speech regarding the fall of the Philippines, in which he says: "I came out of Bataan and I shall return".

YEAR 1933

Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler orders the creation of Dachau concentration camp as Chief of Police of Munich and appoints Theodor Eicke as the camp...

Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler orders the creation of Dachau concentration camp as Chief of Police of Munich and appoints Theodor Eicke as the camp commandant.

YEAR 1926

Chiang Kai-shek initiates a purge of communist elements within the National Revolutionary Army in Guangzhou.

Chiang Kai-shek initiates a purge of communist elements within the National Revolutionary Army in Guangzhou.

YEAR 1923

The Arts Club of Chicago hosts the opening of Pablo Picasso's first United States showing, entitled Original Drawings by Pablo Picasso, becoming an ea...

The Arts Club of Chicago hosts the opening of Pablo Picasso's first United States showing, entitled Original Drawings by Pablo Picasso, becoming an early proponent of modern art in the United States.

YEAR 1922

The USS Langley is commissioned as the first United States Navy aircraft carrier.

The USS Langley is commissioned as the first United States Navy aircraft carrier.

YEAR 1921

The Upper Silesia plebiscite, mandated by the Versailles Treaty to determine a section of the border between Weimar Germany and Poland, is held.

The Upper Silesia plebiscite, mandated by the Versailles Treaty to determine a section of the border between Weimar Germany and Poland, is held.

YEAR 1916

Albert Einstein submits his paper, "The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity", which establishes his general theory of relativity, to the jo...

Albert Einstein submits his paper, "The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity", which establishes his general theory of relativity, to the journal Annalen der Physik.

YEAR 1914

In the Curragh incident, over 100 British Army officers threaten to resign if ordered to march against the Ulster Volunteers.

In the Curragh incident, over 100 British Army officers threaten to resign if ordered to march against the Ulster Volunteers.

YEAR 1913

Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese Nationalist Party, is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days later.

Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese Nationalist Party, is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days later.

YEAR 1903

The first of a series of auctions of sheep farming land in southern Patagonia takes place impacting established settlers.

The first of a series of auctions of sheep farming land in southern Patagonia takes place impacting established settlers.

YEAR 1896

With the approval of Emperor Guangxu, the Qing dynasty post office is opened, marking the beginning of a postal service in China.

With the approval of Emperor Guangxu, the Qing dynasty post office is opened, marking the beginning of a postal service in China.

YEAR 1890

Chancellor of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck is dismissed by Emperor Wilhelm II.

Chancellor of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck is dismissed by Emperor Wilhelm II.

YEAR 1888

The premiere of the very first Romani language operetta is staged in Moscow, Russia.

The premiere of the very first Romani language operetta is staged in Moscow, Russia.

YEAR 1883

The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is signed.

The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is signed.

YEAR 1861

An earthquake destroys Mendoza, Argentina.

An earthquake destroys Mendoza, Argentina.

YEAR 1854

The Republican Party of the United States is organized in Ripon, Wisconsin, US.

The Republican Party of the United States is organized in Ripon, Wisconsin, US.

YEAR 1852

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin is published.

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin is published.

YEAR 1848

German revolutions of 1848–49: King Ludwig I of Bavaria abdicates.

German revolutions of 1848–49: King Ludwig I of Bavaria abdicates.

YEAR 1815

After escaping from Elba, Napoleon enters Paris with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of around 200,000, beginning his "Hundred Days" r...

After escaping from Elba, Napoleon enters Paris with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of around 200,000, beginning his "Hundred Days" rule.

YEAR 1760

The Great Boston Fire of 1760 destroys 349 buildings.

The Great Boston Fire of 1760 destroys 349 buildings.

YEAR 1616

Sir Walter Raleigh is freed from the Tower of London after 13 years of imprisonment.

Sir Walter Raleigh is freed from the Tower of London after 13 years of imprisonment.

YEAR 1602

The Dutch East India Company is established.

The Dutch East India Company is established.

YEAR 1600

The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish noblemen are publicly beheaded in the aftermath of the War a...

The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish noblemen are publicly beheaded in the aftermath of the War against Sigismund (1598–1599).

YEAR 1206

Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.

Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.